First Aid for Babies & Children

Kids get hurt. Babies can’t explain what’s wrong. This section gives parents and caregivers clear, calm steps for the emergencies they worry about most.

Top Child Emergency Risks

Choking
Breathing trouble / asthma
Severe allergic reactions
Burns
Head injuries
Fevers & febrile seizures

These look scary, but knowing simple first steps makes a huge difference.

Choking (Infant vs Child)

Infants (under 1):

5 back blows → 5 chest thrusts → repeat
Support head and neck at all times

Children (1+):

5 back blows → 5 abdominal thrusts → repeat

If the child becomes unresponsive:

Start CPR and have someone call 911

CPR (Kid-Safe Basics)

Infants: 2 fingers, small compressions, gentle breaths
Children: 1 or 2 hands, stronger compressions, normal breaths
Rate: Push hard, push fast — around 100–120 per minute

Rule to remember:
If a child is not breathing, gasping, or unresponsive → start CPR and call 911

Burns on Kids

Cool with water 10–20 minutes
Cover with non-stick dressing
No creams, butter, oils, or toothpaste

Get medical help if:

Burn is bigger than the child’s palm
On face, hands, feet, or genitals
Blistering or deep

Head Injuries

Watch for the warning signs:

Vomiting
Confusion
Extreme sleepiness
Unequal pupils
Loss of consciousness

If any appear → 911 or ER immediately

For minor bumps: ice pack, monitor, and rest.

Allergies & Anaphylaxis

Use EpiPen immediately
Call 911
If symptoms return and EMS hasn’t arrived, a second dose may be needed

Signs include swelling, wheezing, hives, or trouble breathing.

Fevers & Febrile Seizures

Protect the child from hitting objects
Don’t restrain them
Place on their side until seizure stops
911 if it’s their first seizure or lasts more than 3–5 minutes

Baby-Safe Reminders

No honey under 1 year old (botulism risk)
No small toys, popcorn, nuts, grapes (unless cut properly)
Always test bath water (babies burn faster)

Parent Confidence Boost

Teach older kids:

How to call 911
Their address and last name
Staying near an injured sibling while getting help

Small lessons = big safety.

Signal Learning Inc. (2026). First Aid and Disaster Preparedness Content. Used with permission.